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A parabolic reflector (or dish) is mainly used to cover sporting events, or to capture nature sounds. The principle is simple: the reflector concentrates sound waves parallel to its axis, on its focal point. So, it increases mic directivity and sound pressure received on mic diaphragm. Thus, despite distance, the low sound level of a singing bird will be heard considerably amplified.
With this dish, the microphone, which must be omnidirectional, is directed towards sound source. It is placed inside a tube of rubber foam acting as windscreen and rubber shock mount. System capture angle is optimal when mic capsule is on dish focal point. In order to reduce this angle, particularly when source is too close, you can slightly set mic back out of focus.
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